| Condition of Surface | Cleaning Agent | Method Of Application |
| Atmospheric and construction dirt | Soap/detergent and water | Sponge or rag. Rinse with water, wipe dry. |
| Heavier dirt containing oil or grease | Organic solvents like acetone, benzene, xylene | Sponge or rag. Rinse with clean water, wipe dry. Observe safety rules (goggles, gloves etc.) |
| Rust discoloration from other materials | Commercial pickling pastes, diluted nitric acid (6 to 15%by volume) | Clean cloth or sponge â?? let stand for 20 min. Rinse and repeat if necessary. Observe safety rules (goggles, gloves etc.) |
| Rust spots caused by iron contamination | Mild abrasive or phosphoric acid or oxalic acid | Clean with water and then with any of the mentioned acids. Abrasive of very fine grit can be used. Only the affected area should be cleaned. |
| Heat tint or heavy dis-colouration | 5% oxalic acid (warm) 5-15% nitric acid or 5-10% phosphoric acid and follow with neutralizing. Rinse. | Swab or immerse. Observe safety rules (goggles, gloves etc.) |
| Oil, grease, fatty acids (without swabbing) | 4-6% solution of sodium metasilicate / trisodium phosphate. | No swabbing required. |
| Oil, grease, fatty acids (with swabbing) | Carbon tetrachloride, trichloroethylene, acetone, kerosene, gasoline, alcohol. | Rub with cloth. Observe safety rules (goggles, gloves etc.) |
| Hand, fingerprint smears, identification markings. | Calcium carbonate fine powder, wax-based polish. Mild detergents with warm water. | Rub with cloth. If the stains are stubborn, add a little bit of vinegar to the detergent solution and clean. Finally, clean using water and wipe dry. |
